{"id":865,"date":"2025-12-18T21:34:30","date_gmt":"2025-12-19T00:34:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oexpressobr.com.br\/?p=865"},"modified":"2025-12-18T21:34:31","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T00:34:31","slug":"stf-mantem-isencoes-fiscais-para-agrotoxicos-e-valida-normas-da-reforma-tributaria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oexpressobr.com.br\/?p=865","title":{"rendered":"STF mant\u00e9m isen\u00e7\u00f5es fiscais para agrot\u00f3xicos e valida normas da reforma tribut\u00e1ria"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Em decis\u00e3o encerrada na quinta-feira (18), o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF)<\/strong> formou maioria para manter a validade dos benef\u00edcios fiscais concedidos a agrot\u00f3xicos no Brasil. Por 8 votos a 2<\/strong>, os ministros rejeitaram as a\u00e7\u00f5es movidas pelo PSOL<\/strong> e pelo PV<\/strong>, que questionavam a constitucionalidade de isen\u00e7\u00f5es de IPI e redu\u00e7\u00f5es de ICMS para esses insumos, alegando riscos \u00e0 sa\u00fade e ao meio ambiente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u200bO julgamento, que se arrastava desde 2016 (ADI 5553) e ganhou novos contornos com a contesta\u00e7\u00e3o de trechos da Reforma Tribut\u00e1ria<\/strong> (ADI 7755), consolidou o entendimento de que os incentivos s\u00e3o uma escolha pol\u00edtica leg\u00edtima do Legislativo para garantir a produtividade agr\u00edcola e a seguran\u00e7a alimentar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u200bOs detalhes da decis\u00e3o e os votos<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u200bA diverg\u00eancia que saiu vencedora foi aberta pelo ministro Cristiano Zanin<\/strong>, que argumentou que a concess\u00e3o de incentivos fiscais para defensivos agr\u00edcolas n\u00e3o fere a Constitui\u00e7\u00e3o. Para Zanin, o uso desses produtos \u00e9 regulamentado e necess\u00e1rio para o controle de pragas, e uma mudan\u00e7a na tributa\u00e7\u00e3o por via judicial poderia desequilibrar a economia do setor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u200bComo votaram os ministros:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u200bPela manuten\u00e7\u00e3o total dos benef\u00edcios:<\/strong> Cristiano Zanin, Luiz Fux, Dias Toffoli, Alexandre de Moraes, Gilmar Mendes e Nunes Marques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u200bPela constitucionalidade parcial (com ressalvas):<\/strong> Andr\u00e9 Mendon\u00e7a e Fl\u00e1vio Dino. Eles defenderam que, embora os benef\u00edcios sejam v\u00e1lidos, deveria haver uma revis\u00e3o peri\u00f3dica para priorizar produtos menos t\u00f3xicos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u200bContra os benef\u00edcios (vencidos):<\/strong> Edson Fachin (relator) e C\u00e1rmen L\u00facia. O relator defendeu que o sistema tribut\u00e1rio deveria ser “ambientalmente calibrado”, onerando mais os produtos nocivos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u200bImpacto da Reforma Tribut\u00e1ria<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u200bA decis\u00e3o de hoje tamb\u00e9m validou dispositivos da Emenda Constitucional 132\/2023<\/strong> (Reforma Tribut\u00e1ria), que prev\u00ea uma redu\u00e7\u00e3o de 60%<\/strong> nas al\u00edquotas do futuro Imposto sobre Bens e Servi\u00e7os (IBS) e da Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o sobre Bens e Servi\u00e7os (CBS) para insumos agropecu\u00e1rios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u200bO PV tentava derrubar essa previs\u00e3o, argumentando que a reforma deveria ter exclu\u00eddo subst\u00e2ncias t\u00f3xicas do tratamento favorecido. No entanto, o STF entendeu que o texto constitucional refor\u00e7ou a escolha do Estado em proteger o setor produtivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u200bContexto e Novidades de 2025<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u200bO desfecho no STF ocorre em um momento de intenso debate sobre o uso de defensivos no pa\u00eds:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • \u200bNovos registros:<\/strong> Apenas em janeiro de 2025, o Minist\u00e9rio da Agricultura j\u00e1 liberou o registro de 77 novos insumos agr\u00edcolas<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u200bPronara:<\/strong> Em junho de 2025, o governo federal instituiu o Programa Nacional de Redu\u00e7\u00e3o de Agrot\u00f3xicos (Pronara)<\/strong>, visando estimular o uso de bioinsumos e pr\u00e1ticas sustent\u00e1veis, tentando equilibrar a balan\u00e7a entre a produtividade e a prote\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u200bAjuste Fiscal:<\/strong> Paralelamente, o Congresso Nacional discute o PLP 128\/2025<\/strong>, que prop\u00f5e cortes graduais em diversos benef\u00edcios fiscais federais para cumprimento de metas fiscais, o que pode, no futuro, atingir indiretamente o setor de defensivos por via legislativa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Em decis\u00e3o encerrada na quinta-feira (18), o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) formou maioria para manter a validade dos benef\u00edcios fiscais concedidos a agrot\u00f3xicos no Brasil. 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